Chem Lab Worx
Compound profile · Solvents

IPA

Isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol)

Isopropyl alcohol is the go-to wipe solvent of the coatings world and a useful co-solvent, but its hydroxyl group makes it an enemy of anything containing isocyanate.

CAS67-63-0
FormulaC₃H₈O
Boiling pt82.5 °C

What it is

IPA is a three-carbon secondary alcohol (molecular weight 60.10 g/mol). It is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor, a boiling point of 82.5 °C and a flash point of about 12 °C. It is fully miscible with water and most organic solvents.

Role in coatings

  • Surface cleaning: solvent wiping of metals, plastics and composites to remove light oils and fingerprints before coating, and cleaning of tools.
  • Co-solvent: in some waterborne coatings, inks and alcohol-based primers, including ethyl silicate inorganic zinc primers.
  • Equipment: cleaning epoxy and other non-isocyanate equipment, as the manufacturer allows.

Chemistry & key properties

  • Reactive hydroxyl: IPA reacts with isocyanates to form urethanes, consuming NCO groups. Contamination of an A-side or a polyurethane film reduces crosslinking and can leave soft, tacky areas.
  • Purity: 99% grades are preferred for surface prep; 70% grades leave water behind.
  • Evaporation: evaporates quickly: faster than water and faster than n-butyl acetate.

Handling & storage

IPA is highly flammable, causes serious eye irritation and may cause drowsiness or dizziness. ACGIH recommends a TLV-TWA of 200 ppm. Use with ventilation, keep away from ignition sources, bond and ground containers, and dispose of solvent-soaked rags safely.

Safety noteSummary information only. Always read the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for the specific grade you use and follow local regulations.
FAQ

Common questions

Can IPA be used with polyurethane or polyurea?

Not in the material. Its hydroxyl group reacts with isocyanate. For surface wiping, allow it to evaporate completely before coating, and use the cleaning solvents the manufacturer specifies for spray equipment.

Is 70% or 99% IPA better for surface prep?

99%. The 70% grade contains 30% water, which can leave residue or moisture on the surface before coating.

Does wiping with IPA count as surface preparation?

Solvent cleaning removes light contaminants but does not create a surface profile. It is usually one step before abrasive blasting or mechanical preparation, as described in SSPC-SP 1.

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